BabyBoom Generation is driving an entrepreneurial boom toward economic growth, Kauffman Foundation study indicates
Kauffman Foundation
June, 2009
Longer, healthier lives and changes in job tenure among other factors making entrepreneurship the 'new mid-life crisis'
Economists know that entrepreneurship will drive the economy back to health, but many people may be surprised to learn that the baby boom generation is behind the wheel, according to a new study by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation.
The study, "The Coming Entrepreneurship Boom," found that several facts have emerged in the course of Kauffman Foundation research that indicate the United States might be on the cusp of an entrepreneurship boom—not in spite of an aging population but because of it. These factors include the shifting age distribution of the country, the continued decline of lifetime employment, the experience and tacit knowledge such employees carry with them, and the effects of the 2008-2009 recession on established sectors of the economy. The study follows research from Duke University's Vivek Wadhwa, also published by the Foundation, which found that the average age of U.S.-born technology founders when they started their companies was 39.
"The fact that the largest age group of our population is also the most entrepreneurial bodes well for the United States' economic future," said Robert E. Litan, vice president of Research and Policy at the Kauffman Foundation. "This study shows how several other emerging trends, from job tenure to regulatory changes due to the current recession, should facilitate entrepreneurship in coming years." Contrary to popularly held assumptions, it turns out that over the past decade or so, the highest rate of entrepreneurial activity belongs to the 55-64 age group. The 20-34 age bracket, meanwhile, which is usually identified with swashbuckling and risk-taking youth (think Facebook and Google), has the lowest. Perhaps most surprising, this disparity occurred in the 11 years around the dot-com boom—when the young entrepreneurial upstart became a cultural icon.
Other key findings include:
- While people under 30 have historically jumped from job to job, the most striking development today has been the deep drop in the incidence of "lifetime" jobs among men over age 50. Long-term employment has fallen dramatically for people ages 35-64 over the past 50 years.
- With longer life expectancies and greater health in later life, older generations may continue to start new firms—or mentor young entrepreneurs.
- Since the first Internet-era recession, transaction costs and barriers to entry have fallen for entrepreneurs of every age.
Dane Stangler, senior analyst at the Kauffman Foundation and author of the study, says these trends may continue through the current recession. "The very idea of 'too-big-to-fail' institutions has been permanently damaged," he writes. "Recent economic trends—away from lifetime jobs and toward more and more new companies—will thus gain even greater cultural traction."
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